Thursday's data on US jobless claims and first-quarter gross domestic product growth also helped extend Treasury yields. Both reports showed the US economy was on a stable path to recovery from the pandemic.
Investors are also awaiting the Treasury's sale of $62 billion in 7-year debt later on Thursday, after strong 2-year and 5-year note auctions on Tuesday and Wednesday.
Still, the economy remains at least a couple of years away from fully recovering from the pandemic recession, which started in February 2020.
Former President Donald Trump's government provided nearly $3 trillion in relief money early in the pandemic, leading to record GDP growth in the third quarter of last year.
It will take some time for economic activity and employment to return to levels that prevailed at the business cycle peak reached last February. We are committed to using our full range of tools to support the economy until the job is well and truly done.
The Fed now sees the US unemployment rate falling to 3.5%, roughly where it was before the pandemic, by the end of 2023.
However, the agency cautioned that "ratings are constrained by high general government debt and fiscal deficits, both of which worsened in 2020 following the economic shock caused by the pandemic."
Fed policymakers remain "fully committed to using our policy tools to achieve our goals, in support of a broad-based and sustainable recovery," Mester said.