"My goal today is to definitively put that narrative to rest. It is simply wrong. Monetary policy has not and will not be conducted for these purposes."
The Fed's board members and the central bank's powerful chief are appointed by the president with approval of the US Senate, but the governors' long terms and protection from partisan dismissals are meant to insulate the central bank from political pressures.
"I don't think it matters. I think what matters is the outcomes we actually get," Barkin said.
The Fed's pledge not to raise rates or curb $120 billion in monthly bond purchases until the economy more clearly recovers "is quite explicit and outcome based," Barkin said.
It will take some time for economic activity and employment to return to levels that prevailed at the business cycle peak reached last February. We are committed to using our full range of tools to support the economy until the job is well and truly done.
The Fed now sees the US unemployment rate falling to 3.5%, roughly where it was before the pandemic, by the end of 2023.
Thirty-three percent of respondents said the government's response was adequate, a slight decrease from the previous survey in August 2020, while 37 percent said it was insufficient, also down slightly from the previous survey. Eighteen percent said it was excessive, up slightly from August.
The Fed said it would, however, launch a formal review of the capital rule, known as the "supplementary leverage ratio," due to concerns it is no longer functioning as intended as a result of the central bank's emergency COVID-19 pandemic monetary policy measures.
"Wall Street bank stocks will get punished because now they will have to put more money aside," Edward Moya, senior market analyst at foreign exchange brokerage Oanda, said in an email.