A new and inexpensive test is making it possible to identify all of a person's past and present viral infections by simply analysing a drop of blood. The method, called VirScan, provides an alternative to sampling blood for one virus at a time, said researchers, who described the new technology in the US journal Science on June 04.
The new approach, developed by scientists from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), helps health professionals identify multiple factors that might be affecting a person's health, rather than just one virus. It also helps researchers analyse viruses in a larger population, and can be performed at $25 per blood sample.
"We've developed a screening methodology to basically look back in time in people's (blood) sera and see what viruses they have experienced," said Stephen Elledge, an HHMI researcher at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. The researchers have already used VirScan to analyse the blood of 569 people in the United States, South Africa, Thailand and Peru.
The test works by searching a person's blood for antibodies to any of the 206 virus species that are known to infect humans.
Even after a body's immune system has kicked a virus, it continues to produce the antibodies against that virus for years, which is what the scientists search for. The researchers tested the method on blood from patients known to have specific viruses, such as HIV and hepatitis C.
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