In a readout of their telephone call, the Kremlin said the Saudi prince outlined initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increasing the share of renewable energy sources in the Middle East.
Putin spoke of Russian efforts to protect the environment, the Kremlin said.
Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman announced earlier a plan to make Riyadh one of the world's biggest 10 cities under his economic reform plan to diversify the kingdom's oil-dependent economy.
Still, oil price losses were curbed by plans for US President-elect Joe Biden to announce trillions of dollars in new virus relief bills this week, much to be funded through increased borrowing.
Those countries will meet in the Saudi city of Al-Ula, after Riyadh overnight re-opened its borders to Doha despite lingering enmity between the neighbours.