The waves of cash surfed relentlessly by some of Silicon Valley's largest venture-backed businesses are showing signs of receding amid concern the companies may already worth more than they're likely to be valued once they finally go public.
Investors have created 132 privately held companies valued at $1 billion or more each, according to tracker firm CB Insights, including ride-hailing service Uber, accommodation service Airbnb and messaging app Snapchat. After a turbulent week for equities, prompted by worries about the faltering Chinese economy, it may take longer for companies aiming to join their ranks to raise multimillion-dollar funding rounds, and they may not get the investment terms they want.
"Many companies in the market for funding right now are struggling to meet their valuation expectations and are going to have to reassess," said Jon Sakoda of venture firm NEA.
In the last couple of years, the biggest VC-backed firms, dubbed "unicorns" in 2013 by venture capitalist Aileen Lee of Cowboy Ventures, raised increasing amounts of money at a rapid pace. Airbnb, for instance, raised three nine-figure funding rounds starting in 2011. In June it sealed a $1.5 billion deal that propelled its valuation to $25.5 billion, the third-largest among venture capital-backed companies world-wide.
Venture capitalists started seeing indications a few months ago that late-stage investors, the ones who back unicorns, would be less willing to write nine-figure checks for all but the most impressive start-ups.
"Investors are now being much more selective identifying which companies can succeed under the scrutiny of the public markets," said Roger Lee, an investing partner with Battery Ventures.
An end to the six-year stock market bull run seemed inevitable, they said, and they are less confident that all of these companies will live up to their hefty valuations when they go public, which is how these investors make money.
The number of IPOs trading at less than their offering prices has bolstered their doubts. As of late last week, 58 percent of the 38 tech and biotechnology IPOs so far this year were underwater, according to data provided by market-intelligence firm Ipreo and analysed by Reuters. To gauge investor faith in late-stage companies, Barry Kramer, a lawyer at Fenwick & West specializing in venture capital, keeps an eye on whether more deals come with strict protections for investors.
One of several he's watching is known as a "senior liquidation preference," where new investors are guaranteed their money back before any other investor in the event the company is acquired at a price below what the investor paid.
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