"Everybody needs to do something, it needs to be collective," the International Monetary Fund chief told the World Economic Forum.
While eurozone states have to make a special effort as Europe is the epicentre of the current crisis, the United States and Japan "have to do something as well."
"They have to really demonstrate that they have a medium-term objective which is to reduce their debt, to reduce their deficit and to run their public affairs on a much more balanced and sustainable basis," she said.
US government debt now stands at just over $15 trillion but is expected to rise to over $16 trillion by year-end. Japan's total public debt is estimated at 1,024 trillion yen ($13 trillion)
Beyond the industrialised world, Lagarde also urged emerging giants to pitch in to combat the crisis by stimulating domestic demand.
"China and any country that has a surplus must help its domestic market consume a bit more, a bit better and not to rely too extensively on exports," she said, echoing EU and US calls for more Chinese spending.