Rahul Dravid carried his bat for 146 not out, only the third Indian to do so after opening in a Test after Sunil Gavaskar and Virender Sehwag.
But not even Dravid's third century of a series England lead 3-0 could prevent India falling 92 short of the follow-on avoidance total of 392.
England, who made 591 for six declared in a first innings featuring Ian Bell's 235 and Kevin Pietersen's 175, now led by 291 runs.
This was the first time this series the star-studded Indian batting line-up had made 300.
Tim Bresnan took three wickets for 54 runs and off-spinner Graeme Swann three for 102.
England, who replaced India as the world's top Test side with an innings and 242 run victory at Edgbaston last week, have not won a four-Test series 4-0 since defeating the West Indies in England in 2004.
Copyright AFP (Agence France-Presse), 2011