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Initial strength in US blue-chip stocks, together with a temporary extension of the federal debt ceiling, also undermined Treasuries prices, as the benchmark S&P 500 index briefly climbed above 1,500 for the first time since late 2007.
The unexpected drop in jobless claims "caught some people by surprise and exposed some longs," said Tom Roth, executive director of US government bond trading at Mitsubishi UFJ Securities USA Inc in New York.
Benchmark 10 year Treasury notes were 5/32 lower in price to yield 1.845 percent, up 1.7 basis points from late on Wednesday.
Bond prices bounced back from their session lows after strong demand at a $15 billion auction of a new 10-year Treasury Inflation Protected Security issue.