Spain lockdown leaves 1mn jobless but not 'unemployed'

MADRID: The coronavirus epidemic has destroyed the jobs of over a million Spaniards, but with lockdowns preventing them from looking for work, they were excluded from the unemployment count, data showed Tuesday.

Figures published by the National Statistics Institute (INE) showed the number of unemployed rose by only 55,000 between April and June to 3.4 million.

That pushed the unemployment rate to 15.3 percent from 14.4 percent in the first quarter.

But those figures significantly underestimate the impact of the virus on the Spanish job market which registered a 1.07 million drop in the number of people employed during the second quarter, the INE said.

The unemployment data is based on surveys, not claims for benefits, and the survey counts only people actively seeking a job as unemployed. As the lockdowns imposed to stop the spread of coronavirus kept people from hunting for jobs, they were not considered as unemployed by the survey.

The unemployment data also does not take into account the millions of workers on the government furlough scheme that was put in place to avoid massive layoffs at firms hit by the lockdown.

In the second quarter, the number of hours worked experienced "an unprecedented fall" of nearly 23 percent, the INE said.

Although all sectors of the economy have been hit, the damage has been particularly acute in the services sector where nearly 817,000 jobs were lost.

This includes the shops and restaurants that were closed for most of the lockdown as well as the tourism sector, a pilar of the Spanish economy which accounts for 12 percent of GDP.

Construction and industry lost more than 100,000 jobs, while the impact on the agricultural sector was less, with 21,400 jobs lost.

Spain has been one of the worst-hit countries in Europe, with the virus claiming more than 28,400 lives and infecting more than 272,000 people.

The crisis has damaged the fragile recovery of Spain's labour market which in 2013 registered an unemployment rate of 27 percent.

Since then, the situation has improved, with the rate dropping to 13.8 percent at the end of 2019, its best figure in years -- although it remains the second-highest figure in the eurozone after Greece.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimates unemployment in Spain could soar to 20.8 percent in 2020, while the government expects a figure of 19 percent.