Cotton illustrates this challenge more clearly than any other crop. Although Pakistan still cultivates around five million acres of cotton, annual production has fallen to nearly six million bales. Yet cotton remains the backbone of the country’s textile industry and the principal source of raw material for export-oriented manufacturing. During a single cotton season, private-sector business generated through seeds, fertilizers and crop protection products is estimated at between

Rs150 and Rs220 billion. Given the enormous commercial value of the sector, a legitimate question arises: How much of this value is being reinvested in improving farmers’ productivity through research, soil testing, efficient water management, modern seed technologies and scientific extension services?

The issue extends beyond cotton alone. The crop accounts for nearly one-quarter of Pakistan’s fertilizer consumption, while a significant share of crop protection products is also applied to cotton. A continued decline in cotton production would therefore affect not only farmers but also the industries whose long-term growth depends upon a productive farming sector. Farmer prosperity is not simply a social objective. It is an economic necessity.

Many of the world’s leading agricultural economies have already recognized this principle. In countries such as the United States, Brazil and Australia, private agricultural companies increasingly complement public research by investing in farmer education, demonstration plots, digital advisory services, precision agriculture and long-term technology transfer. Their commercial success is linked not only to product sales but also to improvements in productivity, resource efficiency and farm profitability.

Pakistan presents a different picture. Private companies actively organize seminars, field days and farmer conventions, yet many of these initiatives understandably focus on promoting individual products. As a result, farmers often receive fragmented recommendations instead of integrated, science-based crop management strategies that improve overall profitability. This is not a criticism of individual companies; it reflects a structural gap within the agricultural support system.

The sugar industry provides a useful comparison. Sugar mills maintain continuous engagement with growers because their business depends upon a reliable supply of quality cane. They invest in extension services, technical guidance and improved production practices. Cotton deserves a similar long-term partnership involving the textile industry, seed companies, fertilizer manufacturers, crop protection firms and public research institutions.

The broader issue is how success is measured. Corporate performance in Pakistan’s agricultural sector continues to be judged largely by sales volumes and market share. These indicators remain important, but they should not be the only benchmarks. A farmer who cannot earn a reasonable profit will eventually reduce investment in quality seed, balanced fertilization, improved technologies and crop protection. In the long run, weakened farmers translate into weakened markets for agricultural businesses. Pakistan therefore needs to redefine agricultural success through a practical policy framework.

First, major agricultural companies should adopt measurable Farmer Impact Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) alongside their commercial targets. Their performance should be evaluated not only through sales but also through measurable improvements in farmers’ yields, production costs, climate resilience and net farm income.

Second, the private sector should establish structured partnerships with public agricultural research institutions and extension organizations. Such collaboration would combine scientific research with private-sector outreach, enabling farmers to receive integrated, evidence-based agronomic advice rather than isolated product recommendations.

Third, Pakistan should gradually introduce a voluntary Farmer Income Impact Reporting Framework. Major agricultural companies could publish annual assessments explaining how their technologies, advisory services and farmer support programs have influenced productivity, production costs, resource-use efficiency and farm profitability. Such reporting would encourage transparency while promoting healthy competition based on farmer outcomes rather than sales alone.

Ultimately, Pakistan’s agriculture requires more than additional investment. It requires a different way of measuring success. Farmers should no longer be viewed merely as customers but as long-term business partners whose prosperity determines the future of the entire agricultural economy. A resilient farming community strengthens companies, improves national food security and supports sustainable economic growth. The real measure of success, therefore, is not how much the agricultural industry sells, but how much it enables farmers to earn.

It said such measures would help transform Pakistan’s agriculture into a resilient, value-added and globally competitive sector capable of driving sustainable economic growth.

In a letter addressed to the prime minister, Aamer Hayat Bhandara, Co-founder of the think tank and also a former member of the Agriculture Yield Improvement Committee constituted during the premier’s previous tenure, described the initiative as a timely opportunity to address long-standing structural challenges facing the agriculture sector.

Referring to the launch of the Green Pakistan Initiative, Aamer who is also member of the Punjab Agriculture Commission said Pakistan’s agricultural transformation required a shift from conventional farming towards climate-compatible development, modern agricultural marketing systems and the conversion of traditional cooperatives into corporate agricultural enterprises to improve productivity, exports and value addition.

The letter proposed expanding the Zarkhez-e Agricultural Loan Programme by replacing demand-based financing with running finance, arguing that such flexibility would enable farmers to avoid distress sales immediately after harvest and reduce dependence on government subsidies.

It also called for the digitization and modernization of grain and vegetable markets through the installation of electronic weighing systems to eliminate under-weighing practices and ensure transparent transactions. The introduction of digital payment mechanisms in mandis, it said, would help document agricultural trade and broaden the formal economy while increasing government revenues without imposing additional burdens on farmers.

Highlighting water security as a key policy priority, the letter noted that Pakistan’s agriculture, which contributes nearly one-fourth of the country’s GDP, remained heavily dependent on the Indus River System. It urged the government to incorporate climate-adaptive irrigation, efficient on-farm water management and contingency planning into the National Agriculture Policy to address growing risks arising from climate change and regional water uncertainties.

The farmer also recommended the development of an integrated agricultural logistics framework, including organised collection centres, improved cold-chain infrastructure, digital transport management and better coordination of market arrivals to reduce transportation costs, minimise post-harvest losses and improve farm profitability.

The communication further proposed transforming conventional agricultural cooperatives into professionally managed joint-stock corporate enterprises to facilitate access to finance, technology and value-added opportunities for smallholders.

To strengthen farmer protection, it called for establishing a provincial agricultural accountability and compensation framework through an independent tribunal to hold seed, fertiliser and pesticide suppliers accountable where verified product failures result in crop losses.

Drawing attention to post-harvest inefficiencies, the letter observed that Pakistan loses nearly 35 percent of its agricultural produce after harvest due to inadequate storage and handling facilities, while losses for highly perishable commodities range between 20 and 40 percent. It recommended scaling up a nationwide Electronic Warehouse Receipt (EWR) system to facilitate secure storage, commodity financing, inventory management and more efficient marketing.

The farmer also offered his services to the proposed Apex Forum or any of its technical working groups, expressing willingness to contribute practical policy recommendations aimed at enhancing food security, increasing farmers’ incomes, promoting agricultural exports and reducing fiscal pressure on the national exchequer.

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The remarks came following meetings with Special Assistant to the Prime Minister on Industries and Production Haroon Akhtar Khan and Federal Secretary for the Ministry of Industries and Production Saif Anjum in Islamabad, where discussions focused on the future of Pakistan’s agricultural machinery industry and the importance of effective public-private collaboration.

The AGTL delegation comprised Chief Executive Officer Yasin Seker, Chief Financial Officer Javed Iqbal, Company Secretary Mansoor Khan and Senior Manager Corporate Communications, PR and Government Relations Foha Raza, said an announcement by the company on Wednesday. During the meetings, both sides discussed the current outlook of the agricultural machinery sector, the role of government policy in enabling mechanization, and the importance of sustained engagement between policymakers and industry stakeholders to support Pakistan’s farmers and strengthen the agriculture sector.

Speaking after the meetings, Yasin Seker said, “We deeply value the opportunity to engage with government on the issues that shape our industry. A close and constructive partnership between the public and private sectors is what will move Pakistan’s agriculture forward. Food security depends on a more productive agriculture industry, and that means more tractors in our fields, higher yields, and stronger harvests, none of which is possible without clear policy and guidance from government to steer the way. Al-Ghazi Tractors is committed to playing its full part in that effort, standing with the country and its farming community to the fullest.”

The AGTL reiterated that consistent policy support, industry collaboration and continued investment in agricultural mechanization will play a vital role in building a resilient and productive agriculture sector for Pakistan.

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Sources told Business Recorder that the approval of the National Agricultural Biotechnology Policy by the Prime Minister and the Federal Cabinet was an important and timely step for Pakistan’s agriculture. It created a clear national direction for science-based innovation, improved seed systems, food security, farmer productivity and responsible investment.

The policy followed an extended consultative process involving public institutions, scientists, regulators, provincial representatives, academia, industry and other stakeholders. After such a thorough process, the country now needs implementation with the same seriousness with which the policy was approved.

The real challenge before Pakistan is no longer the absence of policy; it is the roadblocks being created in its implementation.

Once a national policy has been approved at the highest level, repeated delays, procedural uncertainty and reopening of settled technical questions weaken the confidence of farmers, investors, researchers and technology providers.

One major roadblock is the continued circulation of misinformation around genetically modified maize. GM maize is often presented as a new or untested technology, although its regulatory journey in Pakistan started many years ago. Biosafety trials began in 2009, required studies and data generation were completed, and commercialization approvals were granted after review by the competent biosafety authorities.

Experts said that the trials were conducted under the supervision of the Field Monitoring Committee constituted through the Technical Advisory Committee and the National Biosafety Committee. This history shows that the technology has already passed through Pakistan’s prescribed biosafety and regulatory processes.

Another roadblock is the tendency to ignore local performance data. GM maize hybrids completed National Uniformity Yield Trials across multiple locations under regulatory supervision. Published trial data indicated yield advantages ranging from 10 percent to 46 percent across hybrids from different companies. These results are important because Pakistan’s farmers are facing rising input costs, pest pressure, climate stress and increasing demand from the feed sector. When a technology has demonstrated local agronomic value, delaying access to it means delaying potential gains for farmers and the national economy.

Experts stated that a further concern is the creation of unnecessary fear around markets and coexistence. Pakistan’s maize grain market is already largely linked with feed use, where poultry is the largest consumer, followed by animal feed and wet milling. The country also already uses approved GM soybean and canola-based feed ingredients.

Locally produced GM maize would therefore enter an existing feed market rather than creating an unfamiliar system. Where buyers require non-GM grain or derivatives, segregation, contract production, identity preservation and dedicated sourcing can address those needs, as is done in many countries.

Sources further revealed that some opposition also appears to arise from narrow commercial concerns rather than national agricultural priorities.

Segments of the local seed industry may fear competition, while parts of the processing sector may prefer the status quo. However, national policy cannot be held hostage to selective commercial interests. Competition in the seed sector should be based on germplasm quality, farmer value, stewardship and performance.

Technology licensing models, public-sector innovation and private-sector investment can all coexist if the regulatory environment remains predictable and fair.

Experts pointed out that Pakistan cannot view agricultural biotechnology in isolation from global practice. GM maize has been approved and used in major agricultural economies for nearly three decades, including the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Canada and South Africa.

In Asia, countries such as the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia and China have also moved ahead with approvals, while India has restarted its approval process.

If Pakistan continues to delay implementation after policy approval, it risks falling behind regional competitors in technology adoption, farmer productivity and export competitiveness.

The economic stakes are significant. Pakistan’s maize grain exports have recently ranged around USD 288-345 million annually, while fodder, forage and maize-based products add further value.

With improved productivity, quality, stewardship and market access, approved GM maize technology could help strengthen Pakistan’s grain and feed export base over time. The objective should not be to force one technology on every farmer or every market. The objective should be to give farmers choice, support market segmentation where needed, and allow Pakistan to benefit from technologies that have already been assessed through law and science.

These implementation roadblocks must therefore be addressed through clear administrative action. Relevant ministries and regulatory authorities should proceed in line with the approved policy framework, avoid duplication of completed assessments, and communicate transparently with stakeholders. A practical roadmap is needed for biosafety renewals, variety approval processes, stewardship requirements, coexistence guidance, monitoring, labeling where applicable, and farmer awareness. The purpose of regulation should be to manage technology responsibly, not to create indefinite uncertainty, sources added.

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Though mango season is well underway, far less of the fruit will be bound for the lucrative export market than usual, with Pakistan’s agriculturally dependent economy caught in the crosshairs of the Middle East crisis that its government has helped mediate.

An initial deal between the warring sides announced by Pakistan this week has come too late for this mango season, which began in June in southern Sindh province.

Mango traders told AFP they expect export sales to fall at least 30 percent this year due to dampened demand in key markets, including the Gulf, and soaring shipping costs. Adding to the financial pain, local households struggling with a spike in inflation emanating from the regional crisis are holding off on buying the fruit, depressing domestic sales.

In the mango-growing heartland of Tando Allahyar, Mohammad Shakeel manages orchards that grow the golden-yellow Sindhri variety, named after the province where it flourishes and famous for its rich flavour and juicy pulp.

He feared his business would fall short of generating the income needed to cover the upfront cost of the orchard leases, noting some had abandoned their contracts entirely.

“So many losses have been incurred, the contractors have even left their advance money,” Shakeel said.

Known in South Asia as the “king of fruits”, Pakistan grows over two dozen varieties of mango that normally earn around USD 110 million in international sales a year — making the country the world’s fourth-largest exporter.

The challenges sparked by the Middle East war underscore the geopolitical vulnerability of Pakistan’s economy, heavily dependent on an agriculture sector already struggling with the impacts of climate change. “Almost 80 percent of mango export is to the Gulf region, Iran and Afghanistan,” Waheed Ahmed, Chief Patron of the All Pakistan Fruit and Vegetable Exporter Association, told AFP, noting conflict had gripped all of those countries in recent months.

Total mango exports were expected to shrink by around 30,000 tonnes since last season to 80,000 tonnes this year, Ahmed said. “The border to Afghanistan is closed, there is war in Iran… there is war in the entire Middle East.”

Though he welcomed a preliminary agreement to halt fighting between the United States and Iran this week, the outlook looks shaky and it has come too late for this year’s roughly three-month-long mango season.

This issue was discussed during a meeting between Federal Minister for National Food Security and Research Rana Tanveer Hussain and German Ambassador to Pakistan Ina Lepel here on Thursday.

The two sides decided to explore opportunities for expanding bilateral cooperation in agriculture, livestock, research, technology transfer, and food security.

During the meeting, both countries agreed to examine avenues for collaboration in agricultural research, mechanization, climate-smart farming practices, livestock genetics, water-efficient technologies, food safety standards, and value-added agricultural products.

The minister invited German companies and institutions to participate in Pakistan’s dairy modernization initiatives, agricultural mechanization programmes, food processing industry, and the establishment of modern slaughterhouses.

Highlighting the agriculture sector’s importance, Hussain said agriculture contributes nearly 25 percent to Pakistan’s gross domestic product (GDP), but low crop yields continued to pose a significant challenge.

He noted that the government was focusing on agricultural research, the promotion of certified seeds, mechanization, and the development of climate-resilient crop varieties to improve productivity and ensure food security.

Referring to the livestock sector, which accounts for almost 60 percent of agricultural output, the minister proposed cooperation in livestock genetics, breed improvement, advanced reproductive technologies, animal feed development, and the production of vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD).

He informed the delegation that Pakistan was introducing its first Biotechnology Policy, which would create new opportunities for research, innovation, and foreign investment in the agriculture sector

German Ambassador Ina Lepel appreciated Pakistan’s efforts to modernize its agriculture sector and reaffirmed Germany’s commitment to expanding cooperation in agriculture, climate resilience, livestock development, and research.

The Chairman of the PARC and Animal Husbandry Commissioner, Dr. Syed Murtaza Hassan Andrabi, stressed the importance of joint research, capacity building, and collaboration in livestock breeding technologies.

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In a statement, he said that China remains one of the largest and most promising markets for Pakistani mangoes and emphasized that growing consumer demand for premium-quality fruits in China presents a valuable opportunity for Pakistani exporters to strengthen their presence in the market.

Pakistani mangoes are internationally renowned for their unique taste, aroma, and quality. “However, to maximize export potential in China, we must focus on meeting evolving consumer preferences through improved quality standards, better packaging, and value-added products.”

He further stated that Pakistan’s share in China’s mango imports remains relatively low despite the country’s strong production capacity and reputation for producing some of the world’s finest mango varieties. According to him, this gap reflects a significant untapped opportunity for exporters.

He concluded that enhanced cooperation between Pakistan and China in the agriculture sector would not only boost mango exports but also create new opportunities for farmers, exporters, and agribusiness stakeholders, contributing to sustainable economic growth and stronger trade relations between the two friendly countries.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The Survey noted that the agriculture sector recorded a growth of 2.89 percent, compared to 1.53 percent during the same period last year. Cotton and maize production contracted by 0.5 percent and 2.7 percent, respectively, it said.

It further stated that sugarcane registered growth of 6.2 percent (rising from 84.24 to 89.45 million tons), followed by wheat at 4.3 percent (increasing from 28.40 to 29.61 million tons), and rice at 2.8 percent (up from 9.72 to 9.99 million tons).

During 2025-26 the livestock sub-sector, a major component of agriculture and an important contributor to the overall economy, expanded by 3.75 percent, against 2.95 percent in 2024-25. This performance was supported by a 3.46 percent increase in output, notwithstanding a 4.5 percent decline in green fodder availability.

According to the Economic Survey, during 2025-26, cotton was sown on 2.01 million hectares, a 1.5 percent decline in area compared to 2.04 million hectares last year, the production of cotton declined by 0.5 percent to 7.05 million bales from 7.08 million bales last year.

Decrease in production was mainly associated with a reduction in area sown, as farmers continued to adjust cropping choices in response to relative returns and competing Kharif crop options.

Wheat was cultivated over an area of 9.48 million hectares, compared to 9.07 million hectares last year, reflecting an increase of 4.4 percent, wheat production increased by 4.3 percent to 29.61 million tons, compared with 28.40 million tons last year, supported by an expansion in area sown. The favourable input conditions at the time of sowing provided important support to crop performance.

During 2025-26, despite 3.6 percent decline in area as compared to last year, the production of rice increased by 2.8 percent to 9.99 million tons from 9.72 million tons. The increase was driven by a 6.6 percent improvement in yield, which reached 2,660 kg/hectares.

The Survey noted that the area under sugarcane cultivation expanded by 2.4 percent to 1.22 million hectares during 2025-26 and production increased by 6.2 percent to 89.45 million tons, driven by a 3.7 percent improvement in yield to 73,200 kg/hectares. This was mainly driven by higher expected returns compared to competing crops like cotton and maize, thereby encouraging farmers to expand sugarcane cultivation.

Maize was sown on 1.59 million hectares showing a decrease of 0.1 percent over last year whereas its production declined by 2.7 percent to 8.79 million tons from 9.04 million tons.

During 2025-26, the production of gram, potato, chillies, moong, and bajra increased by 50.4 percent, 27.6 percent, 23.5 percent, 15.2 percent, and 7.2 percent, respectively, mainly due to expansion in the cultivated area. On the other hand, production of onion, mash, masoor, barley, and jawar declined by 2.2 percent, 3.7 percent, 8.0 percent, 6.6 percent, and 12.3 percent, respectively.

Livestock industry has become the primary driver of agricultural growth, accounting for 62.4 percent of agriculture’s value addition and 14.6 percent of GDP in 2025-26. The sector has experienced steady growth, with its gross value addition increasing from Rs6,004 billion in financial year2025 to Rs6,229 billion in financial year 2026, reflecting a growth of 3.75 percent.

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He argued that Pakistan’s agricultural governance system lacks an effective mechanism to determine responsibility and compensate farmers when agricultural inputs fail to deliver the results promised by suppliers.

Bhandara said while policymakers frequently discuss support prices, subsidies, climate change, water shortages and access to technology, insufficient attention is paid to who bears responsibility when agricultural inputs fail to perform as advertised.

The issue has gained prominence this season as farmers across Pakistan shared photographs, videos and field observations on social media questioning whether some maize hybrids delivered the productivity claimed during marketing campaigns.

Bhandara told Business Recorder that Pakistan’s agriculture sector increasingly relies on hybrid seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and crop protection products. While these innovations have improved productivity, they have also increased farmers’ financial risks.

“The farmer carries nearly all the risk,” Bhandara said, adding that growers invest heavily in production but are often left alone to absorb losses when crops fail.

According to him, one of the biggest weaknesses in Pakistan’s agricultural governance system is the absence of an independent mechanism to determine responsibility when disputes arise between farmers and input providers.

He noted that poor crop performance is often attributed to management practices, irrigation decisions or weather conditions, but there is rarely an impartial process to assess whether the product itself performed according to claims made at the time of sale.

Farmers seeking compensation for losses linked to seeds, fertilizers or pesticides often face lengthy and costly procedures that are beyond the reach of small and medium-scale growers, he added.

“To my knowledge, very few farmers have ever received meaningful compensation for losses linked to agricultural inputs,” he said.

Referring to the current maize seed controversy, Bhandara said the growing number of complaints demonstrates the need for a structured review process. However, he stressed that accountability should not be viewed as opposition to private-sector participation in agriculture.

“This is not about targeting companies. It is about creating a fair system. If an independent investigation finds that the farmer was responsible, that conclusion should be accepted. But if a company failed to deliver what was promised, then the farmer should be compensated.”

Bhandara proposed a provincial agricultural accountability and compensation framework, under which specialized bodies would investigate complaints related to agricultural inputs and issue decisions within a defined timeframe.

He said such a framework would improve transparency, strengthen trust between farmers and suppliers, and encourage adoption of modern agricultural technologies.

Bhandara further noted that Pakistan’s agriculture sector is already under pressure from climate change, water scarcity, rising production costs, shrinking profit margins and market uncertainty, making stronger institutional protections essential for farmers.

“Agriculture cannot progress without accountability. The future of farming depends not only on better technologies and higher yields, but also on institutions that ensure fairness, transparency and protection for the people who take the greatest risks to feed the country,” he concluded.

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Agriculture Minister Punjab Syed Ashiq Kirmani disclosed this during his meeting with the representatives of Yara international, a leading global fertilizer producer. The meeting discussed collaboration with the company in the agriculture sector and the potential introduction of advanced fertilizer products in Punjab.

The Minister is leading a high-level delegation on an official visit to the United Kingdom aimed at exploring opportunities for agricultural cooperation, technology transfer and knowledge exchange to help modernise the province’s agriculture sector. The delegation includes Parliamentary Secretary for Agriculture Usama Khan Laghari, Secretary Agriculture Punjab Iftikhar Ali Sahoo and other officials.

As part of the visit, the delegation met representatives of Yara International, where the minister made announcement of intention of the provincial government to introduce high-quality fertilizer products in the province.

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Speaking at the signing ceremony, Adnan Pasha, Advisor to the Federal Minister for Finance & Revenue, described the initiative as an important milestone in Pakistan’s evolving social impact financing landscape and a significant step towards improving agricultural productivity, reducing post-harvest losses, and expanding financial inclusion for farmers.

Pasha noted that the facility represents Pakistan’s second major social impact financing transaction following the successful launch of the inaugural PKR 1Bln Pakistan Skills Impact Bond in December 2025.

He highlighted that the new facility demonstrates growing confidence in innovative financing models that leverage private sector participation to achieve measurable development outcomes.

“This is a very important opportunity for Pakistan,” Pasha said. “The launch of a PKR 7.1 billion facility linked to social impact reflects the growing momentum behind innovative financing solutions that address real economic challenges while improving livelihoods and creating opportunities across the country.”

He emphasized that the initiative is being led by the private sector and does not involve any sovereign guarantee from the Government of Pakistan. Instead, InfraZamin is providing a partial credit guarantee mechanism that will help de-risk investments and encourage greater participation from financial institutions.

The Agri-Storage Portfolio Financing Facility will mobilize up to PKR 7.1 billion in investment, including PKR 5.0 billion in debt financing and PKR 2.1 billion in equity, supported by a PKR 2.5 billion credit guarantee from InfraZamin covering 50 percent of principal exposure. The financing will support the renovation, expansion, and development of agricultural warehouses, silos, and cold storage facilities across Pakistan.

Pasha noted that the programme is expected to create and upgrade more than 300,000 metric tons of storage capacity over the next two years, helping farmers preserve produce more effectively, reduce wastage, and access better market opportunities.

“The focus is on strengthening agricultural infrastructure and value chains,” he said. “When farmers have access to safe and reliable storage facilities, they can better manage their produce, access financing against stored commodities, and ultimately earn higher and more stable incomes.”

The Advisor highlighted the complementary role of the State Bank of Pakistan’s Electronic Warehouse Receipt (EWR) financing system, under which eligible warehouses and silos can facilitate access to formal financing. He also noted that the facility will support and complement the Prime Minister’s ZARKHEZ-E programme, which provides uncollateralized loans to smallholder farmers.

Pasha underlined the broader economic and social benefits expected from the initiative, including job creation across warehousing, logistics, transportation, storage management, agricultural processing, and trading. He added that investments in agricultural infrastructure would stimulate growth in allied sectors such as packaging, construction, cold-chain logistics, financial services, and agricultural inputs while improving livelihoods in rural communities.

“The ultimate objective is to create positive social impact,” he said. “Improved storage infrastructure will reduce losses, strengthen rural incomes, enhance food security, and contribute to the overall uplift of farming communities.”-PR

He also stressed the importance of capacity building and awareness to scale impact financing in Pakistan, acknowledging efforts by institutions such as Karandaaz Pakistan, the Pakistan Banks Association, and the State Bank of Pakistan in promoting understanding of impact finance among financial institutions and market participants.

Highlighting recent progress in agricultural finance, Pasha noted that agricultural lending disbursements had reached approximately PKR 3.1 trillion during the current fiscal year, with outstanding agricultural credit standing at PKR 1.2 trillion, reflecting annual growth of around 24 percent. He added that approximately 3.1 million farmers are currently benefiting from agricultural finance and expressed the government’s ambition to expand outreach by an additional 1.5 million farmers in the next fiscal year.

He called upon additional banks and private sector lenders to join the initiative and support investment in Pakistan’s real economy.

“This is only the beginning,” he said. “We encourage more financial institutions to participate in this structure. Investment in agriculture creates a multiplier effect across the economy—from production and storage to processing, packaging, transportation, and trade.”

The facility is a flagship initiative emerging from the deliberations of the Social Impact Financing Committee, chaired by Federal Minister for Finance & Revenue Senator Muhammad Aurangzeb, and the Ministry of Finance-led Task Force on Social Impact Financing.

In a message shared on the occasion, Senator Muhammad Aurangzeb stated that the initiative reflects the government’s commitment to encouraging private sector-led innovative financing solutions linked to measurable development outcomes.

“This initiative reflects the government’s commitment to encourage private sector-led innovative financing solutions linked to impactful outcomes that address structural challenges in Pakistan’s agriculture sector,” the Finance Minister said. “The Ministry of Finance-led Task Force for Social Impact Financing has played a pivotal role in bringing together stakeholders to design market-based interventions that mobilize private capital for inclusive and sustainable growth.”

Maheen Rahman, Chief Executive Officer of InfraZamin Pakistan, said the facility would unlock significant private capital investment for agricultural storage infrastructure and strengthen the resilience of Pakistan’s agricultural ecosystem.

Zafar Masud, President& CEO of The Bank of Punjab and Chairman of the Pakistan Banks Association, emphasized the importance of strengthening the Electronic Warehouse Receipt and Aggregator Financing ecosystem to enable agricultural financing initiatives to scale effectively.

Yousaf Hussain, President& CEO of Faysal Bank Limited, said strengthening agricultural storage infrastructure is essential for reducing post-harvest losses and improving efficiency across the agricultural value chain.

Amir Shamim, Chief Executive Officer of Pak Brunei Investment Company Limited, noted that agri-warehousing is a critical component of food security and value preservation and reaffirmed PBICL’s commitment to supporting structured financing solutions for the agricultural sector.

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Under the Green Tractor Scheme, a subsidy of one million rupees was provided on 9,500 high-power tractors. In addition, 10,000 tractors ranging from 50 to 65 horsepower are being supplied to farmers with a subsidy of Rs500,000 each.

The Chief Minister has also directed the provision of 20,000 Green Tractors to farmers during the next fiscal year. Under the next phase of the scheme, a subsidy of Rs1.5 million will be offered on high-horsepower tractors, while tractors with 50 to 65 horsepower will receive a subsidy of Rs750,000.

On the directions of Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz Sharif, Punjab has, for the first time, launched an interest-free loan scheme of up to Rs30 million for the purchase of 12 categories of high-tech agricultural machinery.

Through the scheme, nearly 200 high-tech combined harvesters have been provided to farmers. For the first time, 50 high-tech combined harvesters are being deployed for wheat harvesting operations across the province.

To curb the burning of rice residue and address environmental pollution, 5,000 Super Seeders have been provided to rice growers. For the first time, rice cultivation on 1.4 million acres has been completed using Super Seeder technology.

Under the IInd phase of the Super Seeder Scheme, an additional 5,000 Super Seeders are being distributed among rice farmers.

Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz Sharif said that guiding farmers towards innovation and modern agricultural practices remained her firm commitment. She noted that agricultural mechanisation would not only reduce production costs but also significantly enhance crop yields.

The Chief Minister observed that the use of Super Seeders was contributing to a visible reduction in environmental pollution and stressed that the adoption of modern agricultural machinery had become indispensable for farmers. She further stated that small-scale farmers in Punjab were also being facilitated through access to modern agricultural machinery on a rental basis.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The project will cover the sectors of on-farm water management, soil and water conservation, agricultural extension, agricultural engineering, agricultural research systems, forestry and wildlife.

Under the project, the rehabilitation of the Pehur Main Canal Command Area in District Mardan, covering 14,385 hectares has been proposed. In addition, under Pehur High Level Canal Lot-IV, 4,424 hectares of new land in Mardan and Nowshera districts will be brought under irrigation, while in District Chitral development of a new command area of 1,466 hectares has been proposed through Mulkhow irrigation scheme.

A pre-wrap-up meeting regarding proposed project was at Civil Secretariat with Secretary Agriculture Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Dr Muhammad Bakhtiar Khan in the chair. Besides, ADB Resident Mission team and Director General

On-Farm Water Management Hayat Khan, other relevant technical experts were also present on the occasion.

During the meeting, ADB team gave a detailed briefing on the proposed project and highlighted its key features. It was informed that

project is currently in the planning stage and final preparation of the PC-1 document.

The project is expected to increase cultivated and irrigated areas, improve crop productivity and cropping intensity, create new employment opportunities, enhance the living standards of local communities and strengthen food security.

Speaking on the occasion, Secretary Agriculture Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Dr. Muhammad Bakhtiar Khan has said that proposed Asian Development Bank funded project, “Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Resilient Irrigated Agriculture Livelihood Development Project (KPRIALDP)” will prove highly beneficial for vulnerable and underprivileged communities and will play an important role in promoting food security. He said that introduction of modern initiatives such as smart irrigation, short-duration vegetables, olive cultivation and other high-value crops is the need of the time.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

In Margoz village of Swabi district, progressive farmer Zubair Ali carefully levels his fields with a tractor under the scorching May sun, relying on the waters of the River Indus to irrigate his five acres of rice farmland. “Our entire village largely depends on the water of Tarbela dam built on the river Indus. If the flow decreases, small farmers will suffer the most in Swabi.”

Besides thousands of poor farmers, women in rural areas are often the first to face hardship when crops fail because household food security is directly affected.

For Zubair and thousands of other farmers across KP, water is not merely a resource but it is survival for them, their families, agriculture and livestock. Pointing towards the flowing Indus River, Zubair said rice cultivation entirely depends on a steady and uninterrupted supply of water.

“If the river flow decreases, rice production will suffer badly,” he said. “Thousands of farming families depend on this water for their livelihood. Any long suspension or continued violation of the treaty can directly affect our crops and income.”

The growing concerns emerged after India’s illegal move to place the IWT in abeyance, triggering fears among farmers, environmentalists, and legal experts in KP about the future of agriculture, livestock, apiculture and food security in Pakistan.

Signed in 1960 with the support of the World Bank, the IWT has long been regarded as one of the most durable agreements between Pakistan and India despite decades of political tensions and wars.

The treaty governs the distribution and management of waters of the Indus basin — a lifeline for agriculture, drinking water, hydropower, and industry across the region.

Dr Abdul Rauf, former Director General of Agriculture Research KP said that rice farming already faces challenges from climate change and rising input costs and the water uncertainty amid IWT violations by India has added another layer of fear especially among rice and watermelon growers.

He termed the treaty the backbone of Pakistan’s agricultural economy, warning that any prolonged disruption in the water flow could negatively impact water-dependent crops, especially rice, mangoes, melon, and watermelons in KP and Punjab provinces.

“Water is the lifeline of humans and agriculture on the globe,” Dr Rauf said. “Pakistan produces around 7.5 million tonnes of rice annually and ranks 10th among the world leading rice-producing countries.

He said any reduction in irrigation water can severely impact rice production and its exports, warning that the negative consequences would extend beyond borders.

“The Indus basin supports fruit orchards, fisheries, livestock, apiculture, wildlife and even rice exports,” he said. “Disruptions in water availability can threaten food security, increase poverty, and affect millions of people connected to farming and related industries in the region.”

Dr Rauf described the IWT violations by India as equivalent to pushing millions of people toward hunger and economic hardship that may create human rights issues. He also raised alarm over the humanitarian implications of restricting river water flows by India and declared it a serious violation of human rights and international laws.

“Water is not merely a political tool; rather, it is essential for human survival,” said Tauheedul Haq, former Conservator of Forests, while talking to APP. “Any action that threatens water availability for civilian populations risks creating a humanitarian crisis.”

In Pakistan, where agriculture contributes significantly to the national economy, economies of rural communities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, and Sindh are particularly vulnerable because millions rely directly on irrigation systems linked to the Indus basin.

He feared that interruptions in coordinated water management could further damage the region’s fragile ecosystems already stressed by climate change, glacial melting, and rising temperatures.

Reduced water availability, he warned, could intensify glaciers’ melt in Himalaya, drought conditions, force mass displacement from rural areas, and deepen poverty in already vulnerable communities. Legal experts have also questioned the implications of suspending the treaty.

“Under international law, states are expected to avoid actions that deliberately deprive civilian populations of essential resources,” said Malik Ashfaq Advocate.

“India’s unilateral and illegal actions go against the World Bank’s guarantees and the rulings of the International Court of Arbitration.”

Political observers cautioned that escalating disputes over water could further destabilize relations between the two nuclear-armed neighbours and another war, especially over water, could put peace of the entire region into jeopardy.

“IWT survived three wars because both countries understood that water should remain outside political confrontation,” said Malik Ashfaq. “Weakening that principle could create dangerous consequences for regional peace and human security.”

Back in Swabi, farmers like Zubair Ali remain anxious as they prepare their nurseries for rice transplantation amid uncertainty of water.

“We are simple farmers,” Zubair said while watching water flow through a narrow irrigation channel. “We do not understand politics, but we understand one thing: without water, there is no crop, no income, and no future for our children.”

As uncertainty grows, rice farmers and experts alike are urging the World Bank and international community to play an active role in preserving the treaty and ensuring uninterrupted water access for millions of people dependent on IWT.

Director CCRI Sabahat Hussain said the early-sown cotton crop had now reached 60 to 70 days of age and required immediate management interventions to reduce heat stress and ensure healthy crop growth.

She advised farmers to apply a foliar spray comprising 300 grams of Potassium Sulphate, 250 grams of Zinc Sulphate and 250 grams of Borax mixed in 100 litres of water per acre. The ingredients should first be dissolved separately and then mixed together before spraying. For improved results, the spray application should be repeated after 15 days.

She further recommended light irrigation during the heatwave period, preferably during the cooler morning or evening hours, to minimise water loss and reduce stress on the crop.

According to the CCRI director, the early cotton crop has entered the flowering and boll formation stage therefore farmers should apply one bag of urea per acre to support proper plant growth and development.

She also warned growers to immediately destroy spindle-shaped flowers showing signs of bollworm attack to prevent the spread of infestation at the initial stage. In addition, she advised installation of recommended pheromone traps in fields at the earliest possible stage and urged farmers to conduct pest scouting at least twice a week.

Sabahat Hussain emphasised that timely agronomic management and continuous crop monitoring during the ongoing heatwave could significantly help in protecting the cotton crop from potential losses.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

According to provincial governments’ estimates presented at the Federal Committee on Agriculture (FCA) meeting, chaired by Federal Minister for National Food Security and Research Rana Tanveer Hussain here on Tuesday, wheat output is projected to decrease by 1.24 percent against the set target.

The FCA held on October 24, 2025, set a wheat production target of 29.678 million tons for the Rabi season 2025-26, to be produced from 9.648 million hectares.

READ MORE: Though rains cast shadow on wheat crop, situation under control: officials

However, the estimated production reflects a 3.13 percent increase compared to last year, when the country produced 28.42 million tons from 9.1 million hectares.

According to provincial estimates, of the total projected wheat output of 29.31 million tons, Punjab is likely to produce 22.040 million tons, Sindh 4.402 million tons, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 1.411 million tons, and Balochistan 1.450 million tons.

The meeting also reviewed the performance of other Rabi crops. The FCA was informed that onion production is estimated at 2.70178 million tons from an area of 0.16375 million hectares, reflecting a slight decline in both cultivated area and output compared to last year.

Similarly, tomato production is estimated at 1,555,720 tons from an area of 41,990 hectares, showing a decline of 11.9 percent due to a reduction in cultivated area of 12.1 percent.

In contrast, potato production is estimated at 12.171 million tons from an area of 0.46656 million hectares, indicating a 23.2 percent increase over last year. Gram production is estimated at 262,030 tons from an area of 782,240 hectares, showing a 52.4 percent increase compared to the previous year.

The FCA also deliberated on production targets for Kharif crops (2026–27). The meeting fixed a cotton production target of 9.64 million bales from an area of 2.16 million hectares, and a rice production target of 9.17 million tons from 3.39 million hectares of land.

It also set the sugarcane production target for 2024–25 at 80.3 million tons from an area of 1.14 million hectares, along with targets for maize, mung, mash, and chilies.

An official said the availability of agricultural inputs for Kharif crops (2026) was discussed in detail, and the committee was informed that water availability at canal heads will remain 67.451 million acre-feet (MAF) during the Kharif season. The Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) informed that above-average precipitation during March till the first decadal of April has improved the situation to some extent over most parts of the country; however, due to drier conditions in previous months, soil moisture, especially in major agricultural plains, remains under stress, he said.

However, isolated heavy showers, hailstorms, and windstorms may disrupt harvesting activities of Rabi crops, particularly in the upper and central parts of the country.

Regarding seed and fertilizer availability, he said that the committee was informed that the supply of rice and maize seed is expected to remain sufficient. The National Fertilizer Development Center (NFDC) stated that urea availability will remain comfortable due to local production and existing stocks, he said.

The minister chairing the meeting said that achieving food security requires a clear focus on improving domestic agricultural productivity, particularly by increasing per-acre yields. He said that the Interim National Wheat Policy 2025–26, approved by the Federal Cabinet on November 19, 2025, is being implemented across the country to support the farmer community and encourage private sector investment in the wheat sector value chain.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The meeting was attended by Secretary Agriculture Punjab Iftikhar Ali Sahoo, Secretary Livestock Ahmed Aziz Tarar, President Bank of Punjab Zafar Masud, Secretary Food Safety and Consumer Protection Dr Kiran Khurshid, along with more than 100 stakeholders associated with the agriculture and livestock value chain. The objective of the meeting was to gather practical recommendations for the promotion of the agro-processing industry and value addition of agricultural commodities in collaboration with the private sector.

Addressing the meeting, Syed Ashiq Hussain Kirmani stated that, under directions of the Chief Minister Punjab, all possible facilities will be provided for the establishment of agro-processing units in the province. He added that the promotion of agro-processing and value addition will not only significantly increase exports but also create vast employment opportunities.

He further emphasized that the development of the agricultural sector is among the top priorities of the current government, and under the Kisan Card Program, interest-free loans worth Rs250 billion are benefiting 800,000 farmers. Minister for Agriculture Punjab added that special financing programs will be introduced for small, medium, and large agro-processing units to encourage robust private sector investment. Highlighting the importance of value addition, he noted that processing of mangoes can increase value from USD300 per ton to USD3,500 per ton, citrus (kinnow) processing can enhance value fivefold, and potato processing can increase value from USD150 per ton to USD8,500 per ton. He also reaffirmed the government’s commitment to facilitating the private sector in value addition of milk and meat.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The approval comes after phytosanitary restrictions that were in place since May 2025. At the initial stage, Rosselkhoznadzor has permitted imports from three Pakistani exporters: M/s Chase International, M/s Zahid Kinnow Grinding & Waxing Plant, and M/s National Fruit, with possibilities for more exporters to be added in due course upon meeting Russian requirements.

Ms. Shabana Aziz, Head of Pakistan Trade Mission in Moscow, stated that additional companies will be registered in the near future. She added that, with the support of TDAP and PHDEC teams, virtual B2B meetings are being arranged to help Pakistani exporters fully avail this emerging opportunity.

Pakistan is currently witnessing a bumper potato crop, with production estimated at around 12 million tons. This new market access will help absorb surplus stocks, stabilize domestic potato prices, support farming communities, and generate valuable foreign exchange earnings.

The achievement reflects the coordinated efforts of the Ministry of National Food Security & Research, Department of Plant Protection, Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP), Pakistan Horticulture Development & Export Company (PHDEC), and Pakistan’s Trade Mission in Moscow. It also demonstrates the commitment of the Federal and Punjab Governments to diversify Pakistan’s agro-export markets and strengthen bilateral trade relations with the Russian Federation.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The global basmati trade which peaked at 6.85 million tons (combined exports of India and Pakistan) in FY2024-25 is now projected to decline to around 6.4–6.5 million tons. The downturn is primarily attributed to an estimated 9pc drop in Indian exports due to war-related disruptions, including delayed shipments, stranded cargoes, and higher ocean freight and insurance costs, and payment bottlenecks, particularly involving West Asian markets.

Analysts noted that Indian basmati exports to the region may partially recover in the first half of FY2026-27, contingent upon the resumption of oil imports from India, which could ease longstanding payment issues with Iran.

Hamid Malik, an agro-trade especially rice trade analyst told the Business Recorder that beyond trade flows, the conflict has triggered deeper concerns for agricultural production, particularly the upcoming Kharif season. Major rice-producing countries, including India, Bangladesh, and Thailand, are collectively projected to lose between 11 to 13 million tons of rice output, representing nearly 2.5–3pc of global production estimated at 560 million tons.

Although improved crop prospects in China, Indonesia, and Pakistan may provide limited relief, experts caution that a significant production gap is looming. The next two to three weeks are considered critical for summer rice sowing as timely availability of key inputs will determine yield outcomes.

“The situation hinges on the restoration of fertiliser, LNG, and diesel supplies through the Strait of Hormuz,” he said, adding that prolonged disruption could severely impact countries collectively known as the “global rice bowl.”

Fertiliser supply remains a central concern. Urea, a nitrogen-based fertiliser essential for vegetative growth, is heavily dependent on hydrocarbons. Its production requires hydrogen derived from natural gas (LNG) and nitrogen extracted from the atmosphere. Approximately 70pc of global urea or its feedstock LNG is sourced from the Gulf region.

With the exception of a few major producers such as China, Russia, Ukraine, and the United States, most countries, including India, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines, and several West African nations, rely on imports of either processed urea or LNG from the Middle East, Hamid added.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

At the global level, notable increases have been recorded in the prices of key fertilizers such as urea and ammonia. This escalation is increasing agricultural production costs and raising concerns regarding food security. Experts indicate that disruptions along the trade routes passing through the Hormuz Strait have adversely impacted the global movement of fertilizers, as a substantial volume of agricultural raw materials and fertilizer shipments is transported through this strategic corridor.

Commenting on the situation, agricultural expert and Head of the Transfer of Technology Department at the Cotton Research Institute (CRI) Multan, Sajid Mahmood, stated that the crisis, persisting since late February, has led to a sharp increase in global urea prices. He noted that urea prices at the New Orleans hub have risen from $516 to $683 per ton, while in certain Middle Eastern markets prices have increased by up to 50 percent, exceeding $700 per ton. He further highlighted that ammonia prices have also increased by 20 to 24 percent, posing a significant threat to global food security.

He explained that approximately one-third of global fertilizer trade passes through this route, including significant volumes of urea and ammonia. Gulf countries remain major producers of urea, and the disruption has impacted millions of tons of fertilizer supplies annually. The declaration of force majeure by several major producers has further tightened global supply conditions.

He also cautioned that rising fertilizer prices are influencing global cropping patterns. In the United States, farmers are shifting from corn, which requires higher fertilizer input, toward soybean cultivation. This transition may affect overall grain availability and could also contribute to rising prices of meat and dairy products due to reduced feed supply.

Regarding Pakistan, Business Recorder reports that since the country is a major importer of fertilizers, fluctuations in global prices are likely to have a direct impact on the domestic market. However, according to the publication’s observations, the Ministry of National Food Security and Research has already taken preemptive measures for the upcoming Kharif season by ensuring the availability of sufficient stocks of urea and DAP, along with strict actions against hoarding. These measures reflect timely planning and effective governance, contributing to market stability, protecting farmers’ interests, and mitigating the impact of potential supply shocks. Overall, Business Recorder considers these steps a positive and commendable development for the agricultural sector.

Sources further indicate that Pakistan will need to focus on a long-term strategy aimed at enhancing domestic fertilizer production, diversifying import sources, and ensuring continued support for farmers, as normalization of global supply chains may take considerable time.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The session, convened on the directions of the Punjab Chief Minister, focused on identifying practical measures to strengthen the mango sector, improve export competitiveness and enhance value addition.

Speaking on the occasion, Secretary Agriculture Iftikhar Ali Sahoo said that mango remains a defining agricultural identity of South Punjab and enjoys a distinct global reputation due to its superior taste and quality. He emphasized that the provincial government is undertaking targeted interventions to uplift the sector and align it with international market requirements.

He noted that the government has initiated a broad-based consultation process, inviting input from all stakeholders to develop a comprehensive strategy for the sector. “Our core objective is to enhance profitability through improved quality production, value addition and increased exports,” he stated, adding that a special package for mango value addition is currently under consideration.

Sahoo underscored that only premium-quality mangoes can penetrate high-end international markets, stressing the need for strict adherence to quality standards. He said the proposals received during the session, particularly those related to value addition, were practical and would be forwarded to the provincial leadership for policy formulation.

Highlighting diversification efforts, the Secretary said the government is also focusing on promoting exports of processed mango products, including dried mango and mango pulp, to tap new markets and reduce post-harvest losses.

He further stressed the importance of ensuring that mango production remains free from harmful metals and chemical contamination, noting that compliance with international food safety standards is critical for sustaining export growth.

The session concluded with a commitment to strengthen coordination between farmers, exporters and policymakers to unlock the full export potential of Pakistan’s mango industry.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

In a briefing to the National Assembly Standing Committee on National Food Security and Research held here on Thursday under the chairmanship of Syed Tariq Hussain, the Secretary of the Ministry of National Food Security said that, as per the government’s plan, it will pay storage charges to the private entities.

The officials said that a total of 21 firms have been pre-qualified, and procurement will be awarded to multiple bidders offering the lowest rates to ensure transparency and avoid reliance on a single entity. Each firm must demonstrate a minimum financial solvency of Rs1 billion, and an upper procurement limit has been set.

The Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) will approve the administrative and financial framework, which will be incorporated into the national budget, and procurement operations are expected to commence in the last week of April.

The panel was informed that the government has fixed a Minimum Support Price (MSP) of Rs3,500 per 40 kg to stabilize the market and protect farmers. Approximately 40 percent of total production enters the market, while the remainder is retained by farmers for their own consumption. The estimated national wheat production for the current year stands at around 29 million tons.

The Committee urged the Ministry to expedite the process, noting that harvesting in Sindh begins earlier than in other regions and that farmers there are currently selling wheat at significantly lower rates, around Rs2,700 per 40 kg. It cautioned that delays would primarily benefit middlemen rather than farmers.

The committee emphasized that procurement companies must strictly adhere to the MSP of Rs3,500 per 40 kg and ensure purchases are made from a broad base of farmers so that the benefits reach the wider farming community rather than a limited segment.

Earlier, the panel took up a Point of Order regarding the ongoing potato crop crisis. The Ministry briefed the committee on progress made over the past two months following earlier directions, as well as developments after the formation of a high-level committee by the Prime Minister, chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister, to support farmers and facilitate exports amid border constraints with Afghanistan and regional challenges involving Iran.

The Director General (DG), Department of Plant Protection, presented comparative export data, including figures from the previous year when exports were routed through Afghanistan to Central Asian countries. However, the latest data showed no significant improvement despite the committee’s recommendations, which included multiple-entry visas, transport facilitation, alternative export routes, storage arrangements, and government procurement.

The committee expressed serious concern, noting that nearly 90 percent of the potato harvest has been completed without any meaningful intervention. It was observed that, similar to previous crises affecting crops such as rice, wheat, and sugarcane, the current situation has resulted in substantial financial losses for farmers.

The committee discussed the issue of betel nut consignments detained for the past three months despite being imported under valid permits, causing financial losses and disruption to trade. The Ministry informed the committee that, under the SRO issued on December 23, 2025, permissible limits for water activity and aflatoxin had been reduced from 30 ppb to 15 ppb.

The Special Invitee raised concerns regarding the prolonged detention of consignments, lack of coordination between the Department of Plant Protection and Customs, the limited number of designated laboratories, and responsibility for losses, particularly in cases where transactions predated the new policy. The Ministry of Law and Justice clarified that the revised regulations apply only to transactions made after the notification date.

The Secretary stated that any financial losses would be borne by the importers, emphasizing that betel nut is not an essential food item. A Customs representative added that no concessions would be granted except where goods declarations had already been filed and all formalities completed, subject to approval, and that consignments linked to pre-policy transactions could be released upon fulfillment of the required procedures.

The Committee was further informed that the government has invested approximately Rs500 million in internationally accredited and technologically advanced these two laboratories, and that consignments would be released promptly once documentation and formalities are completed.

The Chairman of the Karachi Port Trust highlighted that importers are incurring significant daily losses, with costs increasing by around 10 percent, while market prices have risen sharply. He noted that approximately 300 containers currently held could meet market demand for up to six months and that no consignments have been cleared since the issuance of the new SRO.

The parliamentary body directed the Ministry to immediately constitute a joint committee comprising representatives from the Ministry, Department of Plant Protection, Customs, and Karachi Port Trust to resolve the matter in accordance with the rules and on a priority basis. It further directed that all detained consignments be released without delay upon completion of the required formalities.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

Farmers in France, like their counterparts in other countries, are grappling with rising fuel, gas, and fertiliser prices, exacerbated by the US-Israeli war on Iran, Intercereales Director General Benoit Pietrement said, warning that the futures of some farms in the European Union’s top grain producer are at risk.

“All the great plains in the north were fairly well covered (in fertilisers), but in the south, where there are more maize growers, the coverage is much lower, and I hear that farmers are replacing maize with sunflower,” Pietrement told Reuters on the sidelines of a grain exports conference.

The full extent of the shift to sunflower plantings would become clearer in the coming weeks, with initial indications suggesting a significant area could be affected, he said. Maize sowing in France typically begins in April.

French farmers had already increased sunflower plantings at maize’s expense in 2022, amid surging fertiliser and gas prices following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

According to Pietrement, this year looks to be the most challenging year ever for farmers, as low prices now contrast sharply with 2022, when fears of Ukraine’s absence from the export market had sent grain prices soaring.

The tough economic climate could also lead some farmers to plant less grain next year, with an option to leave land fallow while still receiving EU farm subsidies. “Even I have doubts about the 2027 harvest, given current prices, on whether to reintroduce crop rotation and grow cereals again or increase the amount of fallow land,” said Pietrement, who also serves as chairman of a cooperative union.

Acting on the directions of Chief Minister, several farmer-friendly initiatives have been launched, including deployment of agriculture interns, establishment of agriculture malls, construction of lined water channels, bulldozer operations and laser land levelling to provide direct support to farmers.

For the first time in Punjab, around 2,000 agriculture graduate interns are working in the field to guide farmers and provide technical assistance. The presence of these interns is expected to help improve wheat production across the province.

Through the CM Agriculture Internship Programme, many interns have also secured employment in the private sector after gaining practical experience in farming and crop management.

As part of the initiatives introduced under the leadership of Chief Minister Punjab Maryam Nawaz Sharif, Model Agriculture Malls have been made operational in four major cities of the province. These malls provide farmers with essential agricultural services, inputs and guidance under one roof.

On the directions of Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz Sharif, construction of 10 additional Model Agriculture Malls is underway across Punjab to further facilitate farmers.

The Punjab government is also supporting farmers by providing laser land levelling and bulldozers to improve irrigation efficiency and agricultural productivity.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

“Pakistan produces large quantities of fruits and vegetables every year, including mangoes, bananas, onions, and tomatoes. However, due to weak supply chains and limited processing facilities, a considerable portion of this produce goes to waste,” Abro said.

He emphasised that aggregation bringing together produce from multiple farmers, organizing it systematically, and linking it with processing and export markets is central to the initiatives being implemented. “Engineers, agribusiness professionals, and entrepreneurs are now developing systems to collect, process, and convert agricultural produce into value-added products, ultimately connecting farmers with international markets,” he added.

Abro highlighted the growing global demand for processed food products, especially in Europe, and said that Pakistan has tremendous opportunity if its agricultural produce is processed and marketed properly.

He also explained that many agricultural commodities, such as mangoes, bananas, and onions, can reach their full export potential if by-products are utilized effectively. Surplus produce can be converted into pulp, juices, dehydrated products, and other processed items for international markets.

“Modern agricultural machinery and improved farming techniques are also helping farmers increase productivity and improve the quality of their produce,” he said.

Abro said the GRASP programme focuses on strengthening linkages between farmers and industry, enabling agricultural produce to be processed rather than wasted when market demand fluctuates.

“In Pakistan, farmers often suffer losses when market demand declines or there is an oversupply of a crop. Without processing facilities, produce goes to waste,” he said.

To address this, SAFWCO has supported agro-processing initiatives that convert surplus production into market-ready, value-added products. Approximately Rs150 million has been mobilized, with an initial Rs30 million grant helping three industries expand production and improve product quality. The financial model follows a matching grant principle, ensuring entrepreneurs invest alongside grant funding for sustainable business growth.

One flagship initiative is mango value addition, which converts surplus mangoes into juice, frozen pulp, and other processed food items for export. Even mango waste is being converted into by-products, reducing environmental pollution while generating economic value.

The programme has also supported banana and vegetable processing projects, producing chips, powders, and dehydrated ingredients with longer shelf life and better market opportunities.

Abro emphasised that these initiatives aim to strengthen Pakistan’s rural economy, support farmers, create employment, and expand agro-industrial activity. SAFWCO, established in 1986, has long focused on poverty reduction, microfinance, and community empowerment, and initiatives like GRASP demonstrate how collaboration between development organizations, government, and private sector can transform Pakistan’s agriculture.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The meeting advised that farmers should complete thinning of early-sown cotton within 25 to 30 days after sowing, which helps maintain proper plant spacing and the required plant population per acre. Phosphorus fertiliser should be applied after thinning either through irrigation, by placing it in the furrows followed by watering, or by applying it in moist soil conditions and running a hoeing plough in the furrows.

Sajid Mahmood Head Transfer of Technology Central Cotton Research Institute Multan told Business Recorder that the recommended phosphorus fertiliser dose is one bag of DAP, or one bag of TSP, or three bags of SSP per acre, or two bags of NP per acre.

In fields where the problem of red cotton leaves is observed, farmers are advised to apply one bag of potassium and 10 to 15 kilograms of magnesium per acre after thinning. It was noted that the reddening of cotton leaves is mainly caused by the deficiency of potassium and magnesium.

The meeting placed special emphasis on soil analysis to ensure balanced fertiliser application, enabling farmers to plan fertiliser use more effectively according to soil test reports. For land preparation, farmers were advised to use a laser land leveler to conserve irrigation water and fertilisers. Properly leveled fields prevent rainwater from stagnating, thereby protecting the crop from diseases.

To improve the fertility of weak soils, farmers were advised to apply at least five trolley loads of farmyard manure per acre, or incorporate a green manure crop into the soil 30 days before sowing. For land preparation, it was also recommended to use a chisel plough to break the hardpan layer so that plant roots can penetrate deeper into the soil.

Before the start of sowing, farmers were advised to arrange 10 percent additional seed to ensure availability for gap filling. Farmers should purchase approved and healthy seed only from reliable institutions or corporations, giving preference to Triple Gene varieties, as these offer better resistance against pink bollworm and glyphosate.

For early cotton cultivation on bed and furrows, 6 to 8 kilograms of delinted seed per acre with a minimum germination rate of 75 percent should be used. To protect the crop from sucking pests during the first 40 days, it is essential to treat the seed with a mixture of Imidacloprid and Tebuconazole (10 ml per kilogram of seed).

For off-season management of the Dusky Cotton Bug, farmers should prune plants around fields wherever the pest is observed. This pest is commonly found on China rose, berry, and moringa trees. During early sowing, considering the plant’s spreading and bush-forming ability, a minimum plant-to-plant distance of one and a half feet should be maintained. In saline soils, farmers should adopt ridge sowing.

For effective weed control, farmers are advised to apply Pendimethalin (1 liter per acre) before sowing and S-metolachlor (800 ml per acre) immediately after sowing in moist soil conditions. Cotton should not be cultivated in fields where okra or eggplant crops are already present.

For off-season management of pink bollworm, it is extremely important to turn cotton sticks twice a week and remove the debris present beneath the heaps.

The meeting was attended by heads of various departments including Dr Muhammad Naveed Afzal, Sajid Mahmood, Dr Muhammad Akbar, Dr Rabia Saeed, Dr Farzana Akbar, Dr Asia Parveen, Mian Muhammad Azam, Dr Noor Muhammad, and Junaid Ahmed Daha, scientific officers.

The third meeting of the Farmers Advisory Committee will be held at the institute on 16th March.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The decision was taken at a meeting of the Steering Committee of the Citrus Revival Programme chaired by Provincial Agriculture Minister Sayed Ashiq Hussain Kirmani.

The meeting reviewed progress on ongoing activities under the programme, including developments related to the construction of screen houses and the Citrus Research Station building in Toba Tek Singh.

Participants included Mohsin Shahnawaz Ranjha, Usama Khan Laghari, Secretary Agriculture Punjab Iftikhar Ali Sahu and other members of the committee.

The steering committee decided to further accelerate the tendering process for the screen houses to avoid delays in project implementation. It was also resolved that experienced and technically competent construction firms would be engaged to ensure quality infrastructure development in accordance with prescribed standards.

A special committee comprising Mohsin Shahnawaz Ranjha, Usama Khan Laghari and Agha Nabeel Akhtar (Special Secretary Agriculture) was constituted to re-examine the tendering process. The committee will also ensure that construction activities strictly adhere to the approved criteria.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026

The protective bags, introduced by the Pakistan Horticulture Development & Export Company (PHDEC), are aimed at reducing post-harvest losses, improving fruit quality, and expanding access to premium export markets.

“This mango protection method has proved a breakthrough for

growers and exporters alike,” Khawar Nadeem, Manager Agri Products PHDEC, told Wealth Pakistan.

Pakistan produces around 1.8 million tonnes of mangoes annually, yet only about 150,000 tonnes, or 8.3 percent, are exported — a gap largely attributed to losses caused by pests, blemishes, and handling issues. These losses reduce growers’ income and limit Pakistan’s penetration into high-end international markets.

To address the issue, PHDEC introduced fruit-protection bags that shield hanging mangoes from fruit flies, dust, and sunburn for 30 to 45 days, reducing reliance on pesticide spraying. The outcome has been improved colour, cleaner fruit, and stronger acceptance in premium markets such as Europe, America, and Japan.

In international markets, a 5kg pack of non-bagged mangoes typically sells for around $17-18, whereas the same quantity, once bagged, can command up to $30 — representing a price jump of roughly 70 percent.

The initiative, which began as a small pilot project, has gradually evolved into an industry-wide movement. Initially, farmers were hesitant to adopt the technique.

“We started by distributing 150,000 bags among 25 to 30 growers in Sindh and Punjab. Gradually, as farmers saw the difference in quality and prices, their response changed,” Khawar said.

In 2022, PHDEC distributed 200,000 mango bags free of charge in Punjab and Sindh. The same number was distributed in 2023 and 2024. By 2025, growers and exporters themselves procured one million bags for the season — signaling a shift from subsidized support to commercial adoption.

“Looking ahead, usage is projected to surge to nearly 10 million bags in the coming season, reflecting strong industry confidence in the technique,” Khawar said.

Currently, the mango bags are imported from China at a cost of around Rs 6 per bag. Growers have called for the establishment of local manufacturing facilities to reduce costs and improve accessibility, particularly for small farmers.

Pakistan is the fifth-largest producer of mangoes. Mango remains the country’s second-largest fruit crop and a cornerstone of its horticulture exports.

They said the government must form a fully-fledged mechanism for cooperative farming, including soft loans and support to small farmers.

The agriculture sector is the backbone of the national economy, employing a major share of rural population and ensuring food security of the country.

Also read: KSA eyes corporate farming investment in Pakistan

Sindh Chamber of Agriculture (SCA) senior vice president Nabi Bux Sathio said, “We must promote cooperative farming instead of corporate farming. If a couple of farmers together shift the mechanised farming, this modus operandi will be way more useful. We are against corporate farming including giving the state’s agricultural lands to multinational companies for farming.”

• Cooperative farming is a voluntary system where farmers pool land, labour, and capital to improve productivity, share machinery, and collectively market produce.

He said the country was facing an acute shortage of water, thousands of acres of lands in Cholistan, Tharparkar and others were lying barren.

Farmers face water crisis for four months including March, April, May and June, according to Sathio.

“There is little rain during this season every year and the country’s reservoirs also dry up as it is difficult to develop new agricultural lands in this current scenario,” Sathio said.

According to the country’s new agriculture census, a critical insight is shown as 95% of landholdings are now below 5.5 acres.

SCA official said the figures were witnessed in Punjab. “When it comes to the computerised record of landholdings of Sindh, 82% of landholdings are 12 acres, 18% landholdings go up 12 acres of lands including 16 acres, 25 acres, 50 acres, 100 acres and the like”.

Sindh Agriculture Research Council (SARC) President and progressive farmer Ali Palh said a large number of small farmers were usually there as massive farming was not easily possible everywhere in the world.

“Big farmers are generally unable to cover big landholdings for want of management, resources, supervision and that. It is good for big farmers to switch over to cooperative farming to utilise agricultural lands efficiently.”

He said, “Let me reminisce about the cooperative farming of olden days, when two brothers or family members used their respective workers on their respective lands, we call this method cooperative farming.”

“I think cooperative farming is far better than corporate farming. Corporate farming will cause unemployment, discourage farmers, and damage unique rural culture. The cooperative farming of olden days must take place, including a role of daily-wage earners, small farmers, big farmers and above all small farmers may progress in this method of farming.”

Also read: Cotton crop revival: APTMA holds briefing on cluster farming model

For example, Ali Palh continued, if millers wanted to make Gur or sugar, textile products and that, they should work with farmers to make them, they must give facilities, prerogatives to small farmers, they must promote both their own interests and the interests of small growers.

“If cooperative farming is adopted, small growers could not fall prey to exploitation”, he said. “Small farmers like cooperative farming that is amicable, useful, business-friendly, fearless, better growth and the like.”

According to official estimates shared during the seminar, mango is cultivated on around 250,000 acres in Punjab, with annual production close to 1.4 million tonnes, representing a major share of the country’s total output. Pakistan exports, on average, 8–10 percent of its mango production, although experts said the exportable surplus could increase significantly through improved post-harvest management, value addition and cold chain infrastructure.

Speakers observed that mango is a hallmark of South Punjab’s horticulture economy and a key contributor to rural livelihoods.

The Punjab Agriculture Department’s Pest Warning wing organised this seminar on mango pest management, climate change and sustainable production, underscoring the need for technology adoption and improved post-harvest systems to enhance export competitiveness.

The event was attended by Member Provincial Assembly Aun Hameed Dogar, Special Secretary Agriculture (South Punjab) Sarfraz Hussain Makki, Deputy Commissioner Muzaffargarh Usman Tahir Jappa and Director General Pest Warning Punjab Dr Amir Rasool, along with growers and agriculture experts.

Participants stressed the promotion of high-yielding and internationally preferred varieties, including Azim Chaunsa, Chaunsa, Sindhri, Anwar Ratol and Dasehri, to enhance export volumes and farm incomes. With better orchard management, per-acre yields of these varieties can be substantially improved, they added.

Technical experts advised growers to adopt IPM protocols, ensure regular orchard monitoring and use pheromone traps to control major pests such as mango hoppers, mealybugs and fruit flies. Balanced fertiliser application, timely spray schedules, weed control and orchard sanitation were highlighted as essential to minimising disease incidence and yield losses.

In view of climate variability, the seminar recommended high-efficiency irrigation systems such as drip and sprinkler methods, mulching, shade management and water harvesting. Growers were also advised to align irrigation and spray schedules with weather forecasts to address issues such as premature flowering and fruit drop.

Experts further emphasised that long-term sustainability in mango production depends on maintaining soil fertility, conserving water resources and preserving ecological balance. The use of green manures, balanced NPK fertilisers, systematic pruning and modern horticultural practices were described as critical for ensuring stable yields and improved export performance.

Copyright Business Recorder, 2026