PARIS: As Britain's March 29 departure from the European Union looms, several major groups have announced they are downsizing their operations or completely shipping out.
Here is a snapshot of what's happening:
- Industry hit hard -
Japanese car maker Honda announced Tuesday it will close in 2021 its plant in the southwestern English town of Swindon, putting 3,500 jobs at risk.
Honda said Brexit was not a factor but the announcement comes after its competitor Nissan decided in February to ditch plans to build its X-Trail SUV at its plant in northeastern England due to Britain's departure.
The new line would have created about 740 jobs.
Jaguar Land Rover said in January it would axe around 4,500 mostly UK jobs, one-tenth of its global workforce.
It put the move down to a slump in Chinese sales, buyers dumping diesel cars for electric as well as uncertainties linked to Brexit.
Also in January Dutch multinational Philips announced the closure in 2020 of a factory in eastern England making baby bottles, threatening 430 jobs.
It cited "ongoing geopolitical challenges", months after warning about Brexit, and said it would transfer work back to its Dutch base.
Schaeffler, a German maker of parts for cars and industrial products, is also planning to shut two UK sites, with Brexit cited for axing up to a reported 500 jobs.
- Banks reorganise -
Major financial players based in Britain are also worried: should the UK leave the European single market, banks based there will lose the "passports" that allow them to do business from London with clients across the remaining 27 members of the bloc.
To continue operating in Europe, many financial firms will have to set up new business units in EU countries and some are already boosting their operations, mainly in Paris and Frankfurt.
Bank of America and HSBC are among those that plan to reduce their activities in London in favour of Paris, while US firms Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and Citigroup will do likewise in Frankfurt.
Japan's Sumitomo, Mitsui Financial Group, Daiwa Securities and Nomura, and Britain's Standard Chartered have also chosen Frankfurt.
- Headquarters moving out -
The European Union's various agencies are not allowed to be based outside the union.
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) -- one of the world's most powerful drugs watchdogs and which employs 900 pharmaceutical experts, biologists and doctors -- has chosen to relocate to Amsterdam.
Based in 1995 in London's Canary Wharf business district, it is in a court battle to break its lease which runs until 2039.
The European Banking Authority and its nearly 200 staff will leave London for Paris.
Several major multinationals have also chosen to shift their headquarters from Britain amid the Brexit uncertainties.
The Japanese electronics giant Sony announced it will transfer its European headquarters from Britain to The Netherlands by the end of March to avoid Brexit-related customs issues.
British electric appliance pioneer Dyson will switch headquarters to Singapore this year, saying though that this was due to booming Asian demand and not because of Brexit.
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